• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a vertical formwork comprising at least one wall (1), said wall (1) comprising a wall (10) having an outer face (14) and an inner face (15) forming a form surface, a passage ( 20) formed in the wall (10) configured to allow an operator to access the inner face (15) from the outer face (14) and a sealing means (22) sealing said passage (20) therethrough, said shutter means (22) having an open configuration, wherein the passage (20) is accessible to an operator, and a closed configuration, wherein the passage (20) is sealingly closed.
    公开号:FR3045087A1
    申请号:FR1562242
    申请日:2015-12-11
    公开日:2017-06-16
    发明作者:Olivier Choisnet；Thierry Lory；Fabrice Montihno；Christophe Brard；Laurent Hugault；Jerome Minier
    申请人:Bouygues Construction SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the field of construction of buildings and public works, in particular vertical formwork used for casting sails made of cast material, such as concrete.
    BACKGROUND
    Such vertical forms are known comprising two elements, or panels, connected at their upper part by an articulated gantry, or compass, associated with a lifting crane which allows the entire formwork to be moved and to facilitate the opening and the closure of the two panels to adjust their spacing. Each panel includes a parallelepiped shaped frame which supports a panel forming a form surface and which is reinforced by vertical and horizontal uprights. The use of these vertical forms to build reinforced concrete walls / sails involves a number of operations which are essentially as follows: during a first stage, the formwork is lifted by means of a crane and placed on the site where the wall is to be built. When the formwork is placed between two boards already fixed or between two concrete sails, it is not possible to access the space between the boards. One and / or the other banches is spread to allow the entry of an operator between the panels to oil their formwork faces and to set up the reservations and the elements of reinforcement, then the dams are returned to the formwork position. It is then necessary to adjust the plumb and the level of the banks, in particular by means of crutches of adjustable length which ensure the lateral maintenance of the banks.
    However, the oiling and setting up of the reinforcement considerably lengthens the placement of the formwork. It is indeed necessary to remove one of the boards and maintain it stably throughout the operation or use a ladder from a bridge at the top of the box to allow an operator to to pass between said boards with his equipment.
    In order to avoid this step, it has been proposed to hold the two panels in a fixed manner, for example by means of an articulated gantry, and to pass through the opening through which the concrete is poured. However such a solution is impractical for operators, time consuming and low productivity.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    An object of the invention is therefore to provide a vertical formwork that can be set up in a stable and fast manner and facilitating, if necessary, access to the formwork surface to operators before pouring concrete to improve productivity the construction site and reduce the difficulty of operations for operators.
    For this, the invention proposes a vertical formwork comprising at least one blank, said blank comprising a wall having an outer face and an inner face forming a form surface, a through passage formed in the wall configured to allow an operator to access to the inner face from the outer face and sealing means of said through passage, said closure means having an open configuration, in which the passage is accessible to an operator, and a closed configuration, in which the passage is closed tightly.
    Some preferred but nonlimiting features of the vertical formwork described above are the following, taken individually or in combination: the closure means comprises a panel, for example a door, a window or a hatch, in the closed configuration, the panel is flush with the inner face of the wall, - one of the panel and the wall comprises a bolt while the other of the panel and the wall includes a striker configured to receive the bolt when the panel is in the closed configuration, - the wall has a lower portion configured to bear on a floor and the panel has a lower edge, a threshold bar being connected to the bottom and being configured to engage the lower edge of the panel to seal the passage in closed configuration, - the threshold bar is attached and fixed on the lower part of the wall or integrally formed with said lower portion; the panel further comprises a seal configured to engage the threshold bar; the panel has a peripheral edge in which a groove is formed, said groove being configured to receive the seal; wall has a lower portion configured to be placed on a floor and the vertical formwork further comprises a bar placed on the outer face of the wall near the lower part and extending over all or part of a width of the wall, - the closure means is pivotally mounted on the wall around a hinge, - one end of the closure means opposite the hinge is bevelled at a bevel angle greater than or equal to 1 ° preferably higher or equal to 3 °, for example greater than or equal to 5 °, and / or - the vertical formwork further comprises a second sidewall, said second side being fixed on the first is closed using a hinged gantry so as to form a one-piece assembly.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear better on reading the detailed description which follows, and with reference to the appended drawings given by way of non-limiting examples and in which:
    FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a blank of a vertical formwork according to an embodiment of the invention, the closure means of which are in a closed configuration, seen from its external face,
    FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the blank of FIG. 1 when the closure means are in an open configuration, seen from its external face,
    FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the blank of FIG. 1, when the closure means are in a closed configuration, seen from its internal face,
    FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example of a threshold that can be used in a blank of a vertical formwork according to the invention, and
    Figure 5 illustrates a formwork train comprising a plurality of conventional vertical formwork and a vertical formwork according to the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying figures.
    A vertical formwork comprises, in a manner known per se, at least one panel 1, preferably two panels 1 connected to each other so as to define an internal space adapted to receive a liquid material, such as concrete, to produce a wall or a veil.
    Each panel 1 comprises a parallelepiped shaped frame which supports a wall 10 forming a formwork surface and which can be reinforced by vertical and horizontal uprights 12. The wall 10 has an outer face 14, on which are fixed the uprights 12 vertical and horizontal, and an inner face 15 forming the formwork surface. The wall 10 further has a lower portion 16 configured to bear on the ground, an upper portion 17 opposite the lower portion 16 and through which the concrete may be cast, and lateral sides 18 connecting the upper portion 17 and the portion 16. At least one of the panels 1 comprises a through-passage 20 formed in the wall 10 and configured to allow an operator access to the inner face 15, and a sealing means 30 configured to close in this way, the closure means 30 is movable between an open configuration (FIG. 2) in which an operator can access the passage 20 in order to reach the internal face 15 of the wall 10 and a closed configuration (Figures 1 and 3) in which the passage 20 is closed sealingly.
    The passage 20 is delimited by internal edges of the wall 10, or doorframe 27.
    In this way, it is possible for an operator to access the space between the two panels 1 without having to move one of the panels 1 or to go through their upper part 17 in order to place the reinforcement, the where applicable, the door frame manikin, etc. and oiling the internal formwork faces. The presence of the closure means 30 further enables an operator to access the veil once it has been cast and at least partially dried in order to carry out qualitative checks via the passage 20 by placing the closure means 30 into position. open configuration.
    The form 1 may have conventional dimensions. In this way, the form 1 can be used in a conventional manner, by blocking the closure means 30 in closed configuration. Typically, the wall 10 of the panel 1 may have a width of 1.20 meters or 2.40 meters for a height greater than or equal to 1.80 meters, for example a height of 2.80 meters or 3 meters.
    The closure means 30 may comprise a movable panel between the open configuration and the closed configuration.
    In the following, the invention will more particularly be described in the case where the panel comprises a door 30. This is not however limiting, the closure means 30 may comprise a panel whose dimensions are different from the doors 30. Conventional, a window, a hatch, etc.
    The door 30 may have standard dimensions. For example, the door 30 may have a width greater than or equal to 70 centimeters, preferably of the order of 90 centimeters.
    The door 30 has an outer face 34 and an outer face 35 which are interconnected by a peripheral edge formed of a lower edge 36, an upper edge 37 and side edges 38, configured to face the lower portion 16 , the upper part 17 and the lateral sides 18 of the wall 10, respectively, when the door 30 is in closed configuration. The inner face 35 of the door 30 forms, with the inner face 15 of the wall 10, the formwork surface of the formwork 1, while the outer face 34 is substantially parallel and opposite to the inner face 35 of the door 30.
    The door 30 may be pivotally mounted on the wall 10 to be movable between the closed configuration and the open configuration, for example by means of a hinge 24. For this purpose, the door 30 may comprise at least one hinge, fixed on one of its side edges 38, while the wall 10 comprises as many hinges fixed opposite the hinges on the doorframe 27 of the wall 10. The other side edge 38 of the door 30 can then be beveled to facilitate the closing of the door 30. For this purpose, the side edge 38 opposite the hinge 24 may form an angle greater than or equal to 1 ° with the inner face 35 of the door 30, preferably an angle greater than or equal to at 3 °, for example an angle greater than or equal to 5 °. If necessary, it will be noted that the part of the door frame 27 which extends opposite the side edge 38 can also be bevelled at an angle substantially equal to that formed by the lateral edge 38.
    In one embodiment, the door 30 is removably attached to the wall 10 to allow its replacement in case of failure or damage.
    In closed configuration, the door 30 can be locked using a conventional latch. Typically, one or more bolts 31 can be fixed on the outer face 34 of the door 30 (respectively the outer face 14 of the wall 10) while one or more latches 32 associated configured to cooperate with the bolts 31 can be fixed on the outer face of the wall 10 (respectively the outer face 34 of the door 30), opposite the latches 31 corresponding. In the closed configuration, the bolts 31 are then configured to penetrate the corresponding keeper 32 in order to keep the door 30 in position. For example, each bolt 31 may comprise a threaded rod that can be attached to the end of a centering cone while the keeper 32 may comprise a nut. In the example illustrated in the figures, the door 30 comprises for example two bolts 31, each having a threaded rod fixed at the end of a centering cone, which are configured to cooperate with two latches 32 associated fixed facing the vertical upright of the door frame 27, and an additional bolt 31 fixed on the upper edge 37 of the door 30 comprising a threaded rod only and configured to cooperate with an associated striker 23 fixed on the horizontal upright of the door frame 27.
    If necessary, the door 30 may comprise a handle to actuate the bolt or bolts 31.
    In order to facilitate the removal of the mold 1 after pouring and drying of the concrete and to obtain a concrete rendering that is smooth, the door 30 and the wall 10 are configured so that, in closed configuration, the inner face 35 of the door Is flush with the inner face 15 of the wall 10.
    The wall 10 may comprise a threshold bar 40, connected to the doorframe 27 in the lower part 16 of the wall 10, in order to raise the door 30 and thus ensure a clearance between the lower edge 36 of the door 30 and the floor guaranteeing the opening of the door 30 even when the wall 10 and / or the wall 1 is slightly inclined towards the ground. The threshold bar 40 furthermore makes it possible to structurally connect the vertical uprights of the doorframe 27 that extend on either side of the door 30 and thus to form a continuous frame which contributes to the rigidity of the panel 1 and limits its dimensions. deformations under load (after pouring concrete).
    Finally, the threshold bar 40 cooperates with the lower edge 36 of the door 30 to improve the tightness of the panel 1. For this purpose, the threshold bar 40 may have a plate 42 at its upper surface which is intended to come opposite the lower edge 36 of the door 30.
    The threshold bar 40 can be attached and fixed to the wall 10, which makes it possible to replace it in case of damage, or alternatively to be formed integrally and in one piece with the wall 10. For example, the threshold bar 40 can be fixed to the vertical uprights of the doorframe 27 of the wall 10 by means of one or more bolts adapted to be inserted and fixed in orifices 44 formed in ends of the threshold bar. Alternatively or in addition to the bolt attachment, the wall 10 may comprise one or more metal plates 46, extending from the ends of the threshold bar 40 and configured to be inserted into associated grooves formed in the vertical posts. This fastening thus makes it possible to guarantee that the threshold bar 40 is fixed with respect to the wall 10 and to the door 30 during casting and drying of the concrete, thus improving the concrete rendering.
    The height (vertical dimension when the panel 1 is resting on the ground and in position to achieve a formwork) and the depth (horizontal dimension extending perpendicularly to the outer face 14 of the wall 10) of the threshold bar 40 are chosen in such a way as not to disturb the operator during his crossing. Typically, the threshold bar 40 may have a height of the order of a few centimeters and a depth of the order of ten centimeters. Note that, in one embodiment, the threshold bar 40 does not extend beyond the outer face 14 of the door 30, so as not to form a recess in the concrete web that is cast.
    If necessary, a lead bar (not visible in the figures) may also be placed (in particular by an operator) on the outer face 14 of the wall 10 to facilitate the establishment of the block 1 after this was deposited on the ground, for example using a crane.
    When the panel 1 comprises a threshold bar 40, the block bar may be fixed against the threshold bar 40. In this case, the threshold bar 40 may comprise support zones, formed for example by one or more plates metal, configured to come into contact with the lead bar and resume the forces transmitted by said bar. If appropriate, the metal plates 46 for fixing the threshold bar 40 can serve as contact areas.
    Preferably, the lead bar extends over the entire length of the threshold bar 40 to allow its use all along the threshold bar 40 and thus distribute the forces applied during the establishment of the panel 1 Preferably, the contact areas 46 also extend over the entire length of the threshold bar 40.
    If necessary, a bar may also be placed against the wall 10 on either side of the door 30, preferably at its lower part 16.
    In one embodiment, the door 30 further comprises a seal 39 configured to come into contact with the wall 10 and, where appropriate, with the threshold bar 40. Such a seal 39 makes it possible to increase the dimensional tolerance of manufacture. the door 30 by filling any gaps existing between the edge of the door 30 and the wall 10, thus obtaining a smooth concrete rendering and facilitate the removal of the form 1 after drying concrete. For this purpose, a groove (not visible in the figures), intended to receive the seal 39, may be formed in all or part of the edge of the door 30, facing the wall 10. Alternatively, the seal 39 may be attached and fixed directly to the edge of the door 30, without making a groove.
    In one embodiment, the seal 39 is secured to the lower edge 36 of the door 30, where appropriate in a groove, extends the entire length of the lower edge 36 and is configured to engage the bar. threshold 30 of the door 30. The presence of the plate 42 (optional) on the threshold bar 40 improves the contact between the seal 39 and the threshold bar 40 and thus the sealing of the door 30.
    The seal 39 and, where appropriate, the groove may further extend along the lateral edges 38 and / or the upper edge 37 in order to further improve the tightness of the door 30.
    The seal 39 may be of any type adapted to prevent the passage of fresh concrete between the door 30 and the wall 10. For example, the seal 39 may comprise a nitrile rubber seal 39 or a metal seal 39 (profiled metal blade ).
    One or more crutches 50 may further be attached and fixed on the outer face 14 of the wall 10 to form a ground support allowing it in use to withstand the thrust of liquid concrete and weather and adjust the In a variant, the legs 50 may be integral with the outer face 14 of the wall 10. These legs 50 comprise, in a conventional manner, a foot or brace comprising a first end configured to be fixed. in the upper part 17 of the wall 10 and a second end configured to be fixed to the lower part 16 of the wall 10 by means of a spacer 52. The stands 50 thus form with the board 1 a triangulated indeformable assembly.
    In one embodiment, the box 1 comprises a stand 50 fixed on each side of the door 30. The attachment area of each stand 50 is chosen so as not to prevent the opening of the door 30. Typically, the crutches 50 are fixed so that the door 30 can open at least 70 °, preferably at least 90 °. For this, one of the legs 50 may be fixed for example between the pivot connection 24 (typically the hinge) and the adjacent lateral side 18 of the wall 10, being at a distance from said pivot connection 24 (for example at least a few centimeters), while the other crutches 50 can be fixed between the doorframe 27 and the other lateral side 18 of the wall 10.
    The panel 1 may further comprise horizontal and vertical profiles 22 configured to stiffen the door 30 to improve its resistance to the thrust of liquid concrete and thus prevent its deformation in use. In one embodiment, the wall 10 and the door 30 comprise such stiffening means (uprights 12 and profiles 22).
    The vertical formwork can be set up according to the following steps.
    During a first step, two panels 1, one having a passage 20 and closing means 30 as described above, are positioned relative to each other and fixed together with the aid of fixing means 54 adapted. For this, the boards 1 are erected and placed vertically opposite each other respecting the desired spacing for pouring the concrete veil. The crutches 50 can be attached and fixed on the outer faces of the panels 1. In a variant, the crutches 50 can be integral with the panels 1 and be connected to them from the start. Then the fixing means 54 can be fixed on the upper part 17 of the panels 1.
    In one embodiment, the fixing means comprise compasses 54. The use of such compasses 54 makes it possible to form, with the two panels 1 thus positioned, a one-piece and stable assembly that can be displaced, for example by means of of a crane.
    During a second step, the assembly formed by the panels 1, the fixing means 54 and if necessary the crutches 50 can then be transported and placed on site using a crane. The fastening means 54 can then be detached. Note that during this second step, the closure means 30 is in a closed configuration to facilitate the handling of the form 1.
    In a third step, the assembly can be precisely positioned where the concrete sail is to be made. For this, the assembly can for example be moved by applying thrust forces on a bar.
    The panels 1 and crutches 50 are then in place.
    If necessary, additional vertical forms may be brought and positioned in the continuity of the vertical formwork comprising the passage 20 and the closure means 30 to form a blank train 1 (see Figure 5).
    During a fourth step, the closure means 30 can be brought into open configuration to allow an operator to enter the space formed between the inner faces of the panels 1. The operator can then oil the shuttering faces of the panels (internal faces 15 of the walls and inner face 35 of the closure means 30) to facilitate removal of the panels 1 once the concrete is dried. The operator can also insert the reinforcement, the frame manikin, etc.
    During a fifth step, the sealing means 30 can be brought into closed configuration and sealed and maintained in this configuration, for example by means of a lock 31, 32.
    During a sixth step, liquid concrete may be poured between the internal faces 15, 35 of the panels 1 in a conventional manner, in order to form a concrete veil. Note that any type of concrete can be used regardless of its fluidity, including self-compacting concrete.
    Vertical forms can then be removed in a conventional manner. The concrete rendering obtained with a vertical formwork according to the invention is smooth, despite the presence of the passage 20 and the closure means 30. The possible defects of concrete rendering at the threshold bar 40 and the doorframe 27 are in fact effect in the tolerance of the coupling of two adjacent flanks 1 of a banana train 1.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Vertical formwork comprising at least one wall (1), said wall (1) comprising a wall (10) having an outer face (14) and an inner face (15) forming a form surface, the vertical formwork being characterized in it further comprises a through passage (20) formed in the wall (10) configured to allow an operator access to the inner face (15) from the outer face (14) and a closure means ( 30) sealed from said through passage (20), said closure means (30) having an open configuration, wherein the passage (20) is accessible to an operator, and a closed configuration, wherein the passage (20) is closed tightly.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Vertical formwork according to claim 1, wherein the closure means (30) comprises a panel (30), for example a door, a window or a hatch.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Vertical formwork according to claim 2, wherein, in closed configuration, the panel (30) is flush with the inner face (15) of the wall (10).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Vertical formwork according to one of claims 2 or 3, wherein one of the panel (30) and the wall (10) comprises a bolt (31) while the other of the panel (30) and the wall (10) includes a striker (32) configured to receive the latch (31) when the panel (30) is in a closed configuration.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Vertical formwork according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the wall (10) has a lower portion (16) configured to bear on a floor and the panel (30) has a lower portion (36), a threshold bar (40) being connected to the lower portion (16) and being configured to engage the lower edge (36) of the panel (30) to seal the passage (20) in a closed configuration.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    Vertical formwork according to claim 5, wherein the threshold bar (40) is attached and fixed to the lower part (16) of the wall (10) or formed integrally with said lower part (16).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    The vertical formwork of one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the panel (30) further comprises a seal (39) configured to engage the threshold bar (40).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    The vertical formwork of claim 7, wherein the panel (30) has a peripheral wafer in which a groove is formed, said groove being configured to receive the seal (39).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Vertical formwork according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the wall (10) has a lower portion (16) configured to be placed on a floor and the vertical formwork further comprises a bar placed on the face external wall (14) of the wall (10) close to the lower part (16) and extending over all or part of a width of the wall (10).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Vertical formwork according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the closure means (30) is pivotally mounted on the wall (10) around a hinge (24).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Vertical formwork according to claim 10, wherein one end of the closure means (30) opposite to the hinge (24) is tapered at a bevel angle greater than or equal to 1 °, preferably greater than or equal to 3 °, for example greater than or equal to 5 °.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Vertical formwork according to one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a second formwork, said second form being fixed to the first form with an articulated gantry (54) so as to form a one-piece assembly.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3045087B1|2021-05-21|
    EP3179010A1|2017-06-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5137251A|1989-08-30|1992-08-11|Economy Forms Corporation|Pour window for a concrete form|
    CH418609A|1963-06-26|1966-08-15|Blivers Baugesellschaft Mbh|Concrete wall formwork, especially made of steel, for bulk concrete construction|
    MD4161C1|2011-01-10|2012-10-31|Николае Попеску|Process for erection of cast-in-situ building, complex of cast-in-situ buildings and production tooling for realization thereof|US9988823B1|2017-10-02|2018-06-05|General Steel And Supply Company|Concrete forming system|
    CN107859326A|2017-11-30|2018-03-30|福建建中建设科技股份有限公司|A kind of aluminum dipping form back cord system|
    FR3080130B1|2018-04-17|2020-12-04|Sateco Sa|FORMWORK DEVICE INCLUDING A GEOLOCALIZATION BEACON AND GEOLOCALIZATION PROCESS|
    US10427916B1|2018-10-05|2019-10-01|Tgr Construction, Inc.|Structure installation system with vehicle having hangers to support a wall|
    US10633812B1|2019-06-25|2020-04-28|Tgr Construction, Inc.|Bollard wall gate system|
    US10633887B1|2019-08-29|2020-04-28|Tgr Construction, Inc.|Bollard setting and installation system|
    US11105116B1|2021-03-18|2021-08-31|Tgr Construction, Inc.|Bollard wall system|
    法律状态:
    2016-12-07| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-06-16| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170616 |
    2017-12-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-12-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-12-14| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-11-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1562242A|FR3045087B1|2015-12-11|2015-12-11|VERTICAL FORMWORK INCLUDING A DOOR|FR1562242A| FR3045087B1|2015-12-11|2015-12-11|VERTICAL FORMWORK INCLUDING A DOOR|
    EP16203031.6A| EP3179010A1|2015-12-11|2016-12-08|Vertical formwork comprising a door|
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